PHYSICS CHAPTER - 1 Physical Would Class 11th Class All Solution

Physics

                             CHAPTER - 1

                         Physical World

Q. What is physics

Ans. Physics is the study of the nature and nature phenomena 

     Nature Phenomena = Whatever (something) occur by nature

For example = gravitational Force

Important Definition

1. Mechanics (or Newtonian mechanics) The theory of motion of material objects at low speeds. 

2.Thermodynamics - The theory of heat, temperature and the behaviour of a system of a large number of particles. 

3.Electromagnetism - The theory of electricity, magnetism and electromagnetic radiation. 

4.Relativity - The theory of invariance in nature and the theory covering the motion of the high-speed moving particles.

5.Quantum mechanics- The theory of mechanical behaviour of sub-microscopic particles. 

Physics In Relation Science

Physics is the most basic of all the sciences and it has played a very important role in the development of other sciences. 

1.Physics in relation to mathematics. As said earlier, physics is a quantitative science. The theories in physics make use of various mathematical concepts and it has proved to be the most powerful tool in the development of theoretical physics. 

2.Physics in relation to chemistry. The study of structure of atom, radioactivity, X-rav diffraction, etc has brought  about revolution in the present century chemistry. These studies have led to rearrangement of elements in periodic table, to detect even cof substances in a sample, to knOw tne nature of valency and chemical bonding, to understand complex chemical structures, etc.

3.Physics in relation to biological science - he life sciences have also been benefited by the advancements in physics. Optical microscope is found to be of use ini ense use in the study of biology. The electron microscope has made it possible to see even the struc of a cell. The X-ray and neutron diffraction have helped in derstand derstanding the structure of nucleic acids, which have helped to control the vital psses of life activity. X-rays are used in medical sciences for diagnostic purposes Key point pro Radioisotopes are used in radio therapy for the cure of deadly diseases like cancer and lher kin diseases. The irradiation of fungi and bacteria produces new products, Physics is the mos rich have been used to produce enzymes, vitamins and antibiotics. 

4.Physics in relation to astronomy The astronomical telescope designed by development of a Galileo helped him to know about the heavenly bodies. The giant telescopes installed in observatories in U.S.A. and erstwhile U.S.S.R. have enabled us to study the planets of solar system. Ihe use of radio-telescope has led to the discovery of quasars, pulsars, etc and it has enabiedthe astronomers to see upto the farthest limits of the universe. The sophisticated photographic techniques developed in physics have proved to be of great help in the field of astronomy. 

5.Physics in relation to other sciences. The laws of physics, when properly interpreted, apply to living organisms also and it has led to the development of a new science called biophysics. The mechanical, nuclear, gravimetric and acoustic methods are widely used in sciences, such as geology, meteorology, oceanography and seismology. 

Physics In Relation to technology

Technology is the aPplication of science in general and physics in particular for The major practical purposes. The discovery of electromagnetic induction by Faraday can regarded as one of those great scientific discoveries, which have not only benefited the applications o- Common man but have formed the basis of the technology.A few advancements made in technology on the basis of physics are as below: 

1.The study of lever-systems has helped to design a large number of very useful machines. 

2.The study of satellites has made it possible to forecast weather very accurately. 

3.Conversion of heat energy into mechanical work has led us to design heat engines. 

4.Discovery of vacuum tubes has led to wireless communication and to the design O radio and television. Now, the progress in the field of semiconductors has provided an altogether new dimension to the technology in this field 

5.Discovery of X-rays has been found to be of immense use in medical sciences. reas it is used to diagnose various types of diseases, X-rays are also used TO herapy. X-rays have proved to be of great importance in industries and research. 

Short Question And answer (Physical Would) ;

Q. What is physics? 

Ans. Physics is the branch of science dealing with the nature and natural phenomena. 

Q. What is the basic difference between science and technology?

Ans.  Science is the study of law sof nature,while technology is the the application of these laws in practical situations.

Q. What is the scientific principle on which rocket propulsion is based

Ans. Newton's second and third laws of motion. 

Q.What is the scientific principle which forms the basis of heat engine and refrigerator? 

Ans. Laws of thermodynamics. 

Q. Name the principle on which a nuclear reactor- works. 

Ans. Nuclear fission. 

Q. Who discovered the law of gravitation ? 

Ans. Newton

Q. Who discovered radioactivity? 

Ans. Becquerel, Pierre Curie and Marie Curie. 

Q. Name a few Indian physicists, who have made significant contributions in the field of physics. 

Ans. C.V. Raman, S. Chander Sekhar, S.N. Bose, Meghnad Saha and Homi J. Bhabha 

Q. What is gravitational force?

Ans. Itis the force of attraction between two objects due to their masses. 

Q. What is electromagnetic  force? 

Ans. It is the force of attraction or repulsion between two electric charges  in motion. 

Q. What is nuclear force? 

Ans. The force between protons and neutrons inside the nucleus is called nuclear force. 

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